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Synthetic Graphite vs. Natural Graphite: Key Differences and Industrial Applications​

Views: 58     Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 2019-04-22      Origin: Site

1. Production Process

Natural Graphite

  • Source: Mined from metamorphic rocks as flakes, amorphous, or vein graphite.

  • Processing: Crushed, purified (via acid/thermal treatment), and graded by size.

  • Purity: Typically 90–99% carbon (impurities: silica, alumina).

Synthetic Graphite

  • Source: Derived from petroleum coke or coal tar pitch through high-temperature graphitization (up to 3000°C).

  • Processing: Includes calcination, mixing, forming, baking, and graphitization.

  • Purity: ≥99% carbon (controlled impurity levels).

Key Difference: Synthetic graphite offers higher purity and uniformity, while natural graphite is cost-effective but less consistent.


2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Property Natural Graphite Synthetic Graphite
Crystal Structure Flaky/amorphous Uniform, isotropic
Density 1.5–2.2 g/cm³ 1.7–2.2 g/cm³
Thermal Conductivity High (anisotropic) High (isotropic)
Electrical Conductivity Moderate Excellent
Oxidation Resistance Lower (impurities) Higher (pure carbon)

Note: Synthetic graphite performs better in high-temperature, corrosive, or precision applications due to its purity.


3. Industrial Main Applications

Natural Graphite

  • Batteries: Anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

  • Refractories: Crucibles, foundry molds.

  • Lubricants: Dry lubricant in machinery.

  • Pencils/Coatings: Flexible graphite sheets.

Synthetic Graphite

  • Electrodes: Electric arc furnaces (EAF) for steelmaking.

  • Friction: Brake Pads

  • Semiconductors: Wafer processing components.

  • Aerospace: Rocket nozzles, heat shields.

  • Nuclear Reactors: Moderator material.

  • Battery : New Energyy

  • Carbon Raiser

Key Difference: Natural graphite suits cost-sensitive, bulk applications, while synthetic graphite excels in high-tech, extreme environments.


4. Cost & Sustainability

  • Natural Graphite: Lower cost but mining impacts ecosystems.

  • Synthetic Graphite: 2–5x more expensive due to energy-intensive production but offers recyclability.


Conclusion: Which to Choose?

  • For conductivity & precision: Synthetic graphite (e.g., EAF electrodes).

  • For affordability & scalability: Natural graphite (e.g., battery anodes).



XINGSHI supplies both graphite types, tailored to your industry needs. Contact us for technical guidance!


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